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数据库
经典SQL语句大全之重复记录篇
作者:
发布时间:2011-04-15
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数据库的重复记录有两种概念:
1> 完全重复的记录,即所有字段均重复的记录
2> 部分关键字段重复的记录,比如Name字段重复,而其他字段不一定重复或都重复可以忽略
二、删除重复记录
1> 完全重复的记录,即所有字段均重复的记录
2> 部分关键字段重复的记录,比如Name字段重复,而其他字段不一定重复或都重复可以忽略
一、查询重复记录
1、过滤掉完全重复的记录(即字段完全重复时只取其中一条)
select distinct 字段1,字段2,字段3 from 数据表
2、过滤部分关键字段重复的记录
数据结构:角色档案(角色编码,角色,角色分类编码)
功 能:取出指定字段(角色分类编码)为关键字的无重复数据,重复的取第一条
说 明:重复记录取最后一条,只需要把min改成max即可
select * from 角色档案 t where 角色编码 in (select min(角色编码) from 角色档案 t1 group by t1.角色分类编码)
二、删除重复记录
数据库的使用过程中由于程序方面的问题有时候会碰到重复数据,本例举出删除它的办法。
删除重复记录方法一
declare @max integer,@id integer
declare cur_rows cursor local for select 主字段,count(*) from 表名 group by 主字段 having count(*) > 1
open cur_rows
fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
while @@fetch_status=0
begin
select @max = @max -1
set rowcount @max
delete from 表名 where 主字段 = @id
fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
end
close cur_rows
set rowcount 0
declare cur_rows cursor local for select 主字段,count(*) from 表名 group by 主字段 having count(*) > 1
open cur_rows
fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
while @@fetch_status=0
begin
select @max = @max -1
set rowcount @max
delete from 表名 where 主字段 = @id
fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
end
close cur_rows
set rowcount 0
删除重复记录方法二
1、删除完全重复的记录
select distinct * from tableName
以上语句就可以得到无重复记录的结果集。
如果该表需要删除重复的记录(重复记录保留1条),可以按以下方法删除
select distinct * into #Tmp from tableName
drop table tableName
select * into tableName from #Tmp
drop table #Tmp
drop table tableName
select * into tableName from #Tmp
drop table #Tmp
发生这种重复的原因可能是表没有设计唯一索引列。
2、删除部分关键字段重复的记录,这类重复问题通常要求保留重复记录中的第一条记录,操作方法如下
假设有重复的字段为Name,Address,要求得到这两个字段唯一的结果集
select identity(int,1,1) as autoID, * into #Tmp from tableName
select min(autoID) as autoID into #Tmp2 from #Tmp group by Name,autoID
select * from #Tmp where autoID in(select autoID from #tmp2)
select min(autoID) as autoID into #Tmp2 from #Tmp group by Name,autoID
select * from #Tmp where autoID in(select autoID from #tmp2)
最后一个select即得到了Name,Address不重复的结果集(但多了一个autoID字段,实际写时可以写在select子句中省去此列)。
三 采用Having关键字处理SQL查询重复记录的语句
1> 查找表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断
select * from people
where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)
where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)
2> 删除表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断,只留有rowid最小的记录
delete from people
where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId )> 1)
where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId )> 1)
3> 查找表中多余的重复记录(多个字段)
select * from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
4> 删除表中多余的重复记录(多个字段),只留有rowid最小的记录
delete from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)> 1)
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)> 1)
5> 查找表中多余的重复记录(多个字段),不包含rowid最小的记录
select * from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)> 1)
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)> 1)
6> 删除重复记录
delete from 表名 where (重复字段1,重复字段2,……)
in ( select 重复字段1,重复字段2,…… from 表名 group by 重复字段1,重复字段2,…… having count(*) >1)
and 主键 not in (
select 主键 from
(select 主键 ,row_number() over(partition by 重复字段1,重复字段2,…… order by 重复字段1,重复字段2,……) rownum from 表名
where (重复字段1,重复字段2,……) in (
select 重复字段1,重复字段2,…… from 表名 group by 重复字段1,重复字段2,……
having count(*) >1))
where rownum =1)
in ( select 重复字段1,重复字段2,…… from 表名 group by 重复字段1,重复字段2,…… having count(*) >1)
and 主键 not in (
select 主键 from
(select 主键 ,row_number() over(partition by 重复字段1,重复字段2,…… order by 重复字段1,重复字段2,……) rownum from 表名
where (重复字段1,重复字段2,……) in (
select 重复字段1,重复字段2,…… from 表名 group by 重复字段1,重复字段2,……
having count(*) >1))
where rownum =1)
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